What is Asthma?

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disorder characterized by episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing. It is caused by inflammation of the airways, which results in a narrowing of the airways and difficulty breathing.

What Causes Asthma?

The exact cause of asthma is unknown, but it is most often triggered by environmental factors such as allergens, air pollution, stress, exercise, and certain medications. It is also more common in those with a family history of asthma.

Symptoms of Asthma

The most common symptoms of asthma are wheezing, chest tightness, breathlessness, coughing, and difficulty breathing. Some people may also experience difficulty sleeping or fatigue.

Diagnosis of Asthma

Asthma is typically diagnosed through a physical exam, medical history, and pulmonary function tests. These tests measure the amount of air that can be inhaled and exhaled from the lungs. The doctor may also order blood tests and chest X-rays to rule out other conditions.

Treatments for Asthma

The goal of asthma treatment is to reduce symptoms and prevent flare-ups. Treatment usually includes medications, such as inhalers and tablets, as well as lifestyle changes such as avoiding triggers, exercising regularly, and getting enough rest. In severe cases, a doctor may prescribe oral steroids or other medication to reduce inflammation in the airways.

Managing Asthma

The best way to manage asthma is to identify and avoid triggers. It’s also important to take medications as prescribed, keep up with regular check-ups, and follow an asthma action plan. This plan includes instructions on when and how to take medications, when to call a doctor, and what to do during an asthma attack.