What is an Ear Infection?

An ear infection, also known as otitis media, is an inflammation of the middle ear caused by a bacterial or viral infection. It most often affects young children and is the most common cause of hearing loss in children. Symptoms can include ear pain, fever, drainage from the ear, and a feeling of fullness in the ear.

Causes of Ear Infections

The most common cause of an ear infection is a bacterial or viral infection. Bacteria and viruses can enter the middle ear through the Eustachian tube, a small tube that connects the middle ear to the back of the throat. This can happen when the Eustachian tube becomes blocked due to a cold, allergies, or smoke.

Symptoms of Ear Infections

The most common symptoms of an ear infection are ear pain, fever, drainage from the ear, and a feeling of fullness in the ear. Other symptoms may include difficulty hearing, dizziness, and a decreased appetite.

Diagnosing Ear Infections

If you suspect you or your child has an ear infection, it is important to see your doctor to get a proper diagnosis. Your doctor will likely do a physical exam and use an otoscope to look at the ear drum. They may also order a hearing test to check for hearing loss.

Treating Ear Infections

Treatment for an ear infection depends on the type and severity of the infection. Most ear infections will resolve on their own within a few days, but your doctor may prescribe antibiotics if the infection is caused by bacteria. In some cases, your doctor may recommend a procedure to drain the fluid in the ear or to insert a tube in the ear to help drain the fluid.

Preventing Ear Infections

The best way to prevent ear infections is to practice good hygiene and keep the ears clean. This includes avoiding smoking, washing your hands regularly, and avoiding contact with people who have a cold or other respiratory illness. Additionally, it is important to treat allergies and other conditions that can lead to blocked Eustachian tubes.